Noni plant is a plant that almost all of its parts have medicinal properties
in the leaves, roots, stems and fruit. This study aims to determine the active
compounds contained in noni leaf extract (Morinda citrifolia L.) with 96% ethanol
and ethyl acetate as solvents from maceration extraction by phytochemical
screening, to determine the best eluent that can separate the active compounds
in noni leaf extract from maceration extraction with TLC.
This study used the maceration method with 96% ethanol and ethyl
acetate as solvents. Extraction results were used for phytochemical screening
including alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, saponins and tannins using
the Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) method with a stationary phase of silica
gel plate GF254 and a mobile phase including chloroform: ethyl acetate (60:40);
butanol : acetic acid : Water (4:1:5); methanol : chloroform (1:9); chloroform :
methanol : water (9,7: 0,2 :0,1), (20:60:10), (13:7:2), (7:3:0,4) ; chloroform:
methanol: ethyl acetate (9:3:5); n-hexane : ethyl acetate (2:8), (18:2), (7:3), (8:2),
(6:4); benzene : chloroform (3:7) ; chloroform: methanol (3:7), (84:11), n butanol:
acetic acid: water (14:1:5); glacial acetic acid : water : HCl p (30:10:3). The
results of the separation are in the form of spots or stains that are formed without
tails, the distance between the spots is clear, and the Rf value of each spot or
stain. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively qualitatively.
The phytochemical results in each noni leaf extract solvent contained
flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, saponins and tannins. The best eluents for the
separation of flavonoid compounds from noni leaf extract with ethyl acetate and
ethanol solvents were chloroform:ethyl acetate (60:40), and butanol:acetic
acid:water (4:1:5). The triterpenoid compound is chloroform:methanol:ethyl
acetate (9:3:5). The steroid compounds are and n-hexane:ethyl acetate (7:3).
The saponin compound is chloroform:methanol:water (13:7:2). As for the tannin
compounds are and n-hexane:ethyl acetate (6:4)
Keywords: Morinda citrifolia L., KLT, Maceration extract, Screening
Phytochemical